Hello friends, today hum computer ke different types ke classification ke bare me talk karenge. Because computer ke bare me deeply knowledge lene se pahle hume computer ke different types ke bare me knowledge hona necessary hai aur unke bare me difference ki knowledge hona bhi necessary hai.
Today computers ko unki structure, unke work, purposes aur size ke basis par following groups me divide kiya gaya hai-
Size ke basis par:-
Micro computers:
Micro computers me sabse small size ke computers ko include kiya gaya hai. Inki size itni small hoti hai ki inhe easily desk par rakha ja sakta hai. Isliye inhe computer on a chip bhi kaha jata hai. Jab year 1970 me technology field me Intel ke dwara microprocessor ki discovery ki gayi tabhi se computers ki size me shortage hone lagi aur yah small hote-hote itna small ho gaya ki micro computers ko nowadays phones, watches etc. ki form me use kiya jata hai. Micro computers ki capacity 1 lac calculations per second hoti hai. In computers ka mainly use business aur medical ke field me kiya jata hai.
Micro computers bhi many types me divided hai:-
Desktop computer:
Ye computer personal computers ki sabse jyada use hone wali form hai. Laptop aur palmtop ke compare me big size hone ke despite inka use sabse jyada kiya jata hai. Because ye computers cheap, durable aur long time tak chalne wale hote hai. Aur isi quality ke reason hi homes aur business me inka hi use kiya jata hai. For example: IMAC, IBM, PS/2, APPLE MAC etc. Desktop computers hai.
Laptop:
Jab se technology ke field me microprocessor ki discovery hui hai tab se computers ki size reduce hona start ho gayi thi aur yah reduce hote-hote itni small ho gayi hai ki today computers ko hand me lekar ek place se other place tak journey kar sakte hai aur computer ko use bhi kar sakte hai. Is type ke computers ko hi Laptop kaha jata hai. Laptops ko ek normal person bhi easily buy kar sakta hai. Laptops ko sometimes Notebook bhi kaha jata hai.
Palmtop:
Ye computers Laptops se bhi mild aur small hote hai. Inhe run karne ke liye handheld operating system ka use kiya jata hai. Palmtop Laptop ki tarah portable personal computers hote hai.
Tablet:
Tablet aur Laptop computer ek way se exactly equal hai But kuch software, screen etc. me different hone ke karan in dono devices me difference hota hai. Tablet me kuch bhi write karne ke liye touch keyboard ka use kiya jata hai jabki Laptop me write karne ke liye physical keyboard ka use kiya jata hai.
Personal Digital Assistant:
PDA ka use mainly small figures aur information ko store karne ke liye kiya jata hai. For example- Phone number, e-mail, address etc.
Workstation:
Iska use engineering, technology aur graphics ke works me kiya jata hai.
Mini Computers:
Is type ke computers ka size medium size ka hone ke saath hi micro computers ke compare me inki working capacity aur cost jyada hoti hai, Isi reason ki wajah se in computers ko personal use nahi kiya jata hai. Mini computers ka main feature ye hai ki in computers par ek hi time par more than one person ek se jyada work work kar sakte hai. Inka use usually small ya medium size ki companies karti hai. For example- HP 9000, RISC 6000, BULL HN-DPX2 aur AS 400 etc.
Mainframe Computers:
Mainframe computers working capacity aur cost me Mini aur Micro computers ke compare me jyada hote hai. Iske saath hi in computers ke sizes bhi Micro aur Mini computers ke compare me jyada hota hai. Mainframe computer ko access karne ke liye usually user node ka use karte hai. Mostly companies me in computers ka use payments ka hisab rakhne, bills ko send karne, workers ka payments karne, customers ke dwara purchase ki gayi things ka hisab rakhne etc. work me kiya jata hai. For example- CRAY-1, CDS-CYBER, IBM 4381, ICL 39, UNIVAC-1110 etc.
Super Computers:
Super computers sabhi fields me bilkul high quality ke hote hai. Ye sabse jyada speed, store capacity aur high expend wale hote hai. Inki size bhi bahut jyada hoti hai. World ka first super computer ‘Cray research company’ ke dwara 1976 me develop kiya gaya tha. India ke dwara bhi made ek super computer hai, jiska name PARAM hai, isko develop C-DAC ne kiya hai. Super computers ka main use weather ki predication karne, Animation aur movies ko create karne, space journey ke liye space passangers ko space me send karne, big research labs me research aur discovery karne etc. work me kiya jata hai. For example- PARAM, PARAM-10000, CRAY-1 etc.
Purpose ke basis par:-
General Purpose Computer:
Is type ke computers ka use normal working ke liye kiya jata hai. For example- Documents ko ready karna, print karne, database make karne aur word process dwara letter ready karna.
Special Purpose Computer:
Is type ke computers ka use special works ko complete karne ke liye kiya jata hai. Mostly inka use space science, weather science, planet operation, traffic control, Agriculture science, engineering, physics aur chemistry me research etc. works ke liye kiya jata hai. In computers me use kiye gaye CPU ka capacity highest hoti hai.
Applications ke basis par:-
Analog Computer:
Mostly in computers ka use physical quantities for example- pressure, temperature, length etc. ko measure karke unke results ko numbers me present karne ke liye kiya jata hai kyuki in computers ki speciality ye hai ki ye computers quantities ko numbers me present karte hai, isliye inka use science aur engineering fields me jyada kiya jata hai. For example- speedometer, earth-quake measurement device etc.
Digital Computer:
Modern age me use kiye jane wale mostly sabhi computers digital computers hote hai. Ye computers input kisi bhi data ko 0 aur 1 me change karke inhe electronic form me use karte hai. Inka use business me, homes ke budget me aur animation ke field me kiya jata hai. For example- Desktop, Laptop etc.
Hybrid Computer:
Ye computers us type ke computers hai jinme Analog aur Digital computers dono ki qualities hoti hai. Iske through physical quantities ko numbers me change karke digital form me bring kiya jata hai. Medical ke field me iska highest use hota hai. For example- ECG aur DIALYSIS Machine etc.
